Richmond: Lobbying Powerhouse

Virginia has always struck me as a lawyer-heavy state, perhaps because of its tendency to worship the legal profession. The late Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell seems to be revered more than any artist, scientist or other creative type.
Add to that lobbyists.
Indeed, Richmond seems to be quite heavy in the lobbying department and many of these folk are, of course, lawyers. Take a look downtown. the logo of the McGuire Woods law and lobbying shop dominates on skyscraper while the logo of a competitor, Williams Mullen will be on a new tower under construction.
Because it is the political and (arguably at least) the business capital of the state, Richmond wields more overall clout in influence peddling than say, Annapolis or Raleigh. It may not be on a par with Atlanta, but it’s up there.
And now that it is General Assembly time and a new governor and the other party are in charge of the governorship, the lobbyists are quite busy. For more, took at the story I wrote for Style Weekly this week.
The revolving doors are whirring like turbine blades in a jet engine:
“As the governorship of Republican Bob McDonnell gains steam, the tectonic plates are once again shifting along lobbyist-thick Cary and Main streets downtown. Eric J. Finkbeiner, once a power broker for former Gov. George Allen, is leaving McGuireWoods to be McDonnell’s policy chief. Former Virginia Beach Del. Terri Suit is leaving Williams Mullen to become the new governor’s homeland security maven. Former Republican attorney general and unsuccessful gubernatorial candidate Jerry Kilgore is leaving Williams Mullen for McGuire Woods as is Christopher R. Nolen, who worked for Kilgore in the attorney general’s office. Preston Bryant, Kaine’s secretary of natural resources, is also joining McGuire Woods. Meanwhile, outgoing Attorney General Bill Mims is moving over to giant law firm Hunton and Williams.”
The go-to shop for the new Republican era is McGuire Woods, which has long had political ties, including several former governors as partners. Losing out appears to be Williams Mullen, which saw Nolen, Kilgore and Suit defect in a little more than a week’s time. One firm spokesman put it succinctly, “We are in a state of disarray around here.”
A few other trends in the advocacy world:
  • Younger legislators don’t like to be wined and dined the way their predecessors did. There are still outings, but the “Pinehurst Invitational” to the lovely golf resort in the Carolina Sandhills appears to be a thing of the past. It was favored three decades ago by such lawmaking luminaries as A.L. Philpott.
  • Lobbyists say they can be of most value by offering straight dope on complex matters. I buy this insight since many lobbyists are actually honest folk who do represent a point of view for pay, but so do lawyers. Being good at gathering info can help.
  • Virginia’s Amateur Hour legislature that has to get things done in 60 days while legislators hold down day jobs means that lobbyists have to be extra flexible.
  • In this era of Tweets and Twitters, many lawmakers would rather get their info in a text message rather than having to spend “face time” with a lobbyist.
  • Lobbying is morphing into boutique shops and firms that do extensive data mining and fund raising. Common Cause says that mixing lobbying with fundraising is a legislative catnip that is extremely dangerous.

My article notes that despite Richmond’s growing sophistication as an advocacy center, the Average Joes tend to get left out. Consumer and environmental activists sure felt this way when utility giant Dominion pushed through a complicated bill to re-regulate electricity three years ago. They managed this impressive feat even though the Assembly was in a short 45 day session.

You do have to ask, though, why it is so easy for top-ranking state officials to breeze in and out of lobby shops. Elected officials can’t lobby their old posts for one year but non-officials can. And, Virginia has an anything goes system where’s there’s no limit on gifts or contributions but they have to be reported. The claim is that by having no limits, you avoid corruption because if you get a lot, everyone knows it. And, unlike states such as Illinois, Virginia does not have much of a history of indicted and convicted public officials.
Perhaps, but you do have to wonder about a former secretary in the state government or a deputy attorney general easing over to a lobby job paying maybe in the mid six figures the day after the offices change. There may be no Rod Blagoevichs here. But is this Virginia’s idea of public service?
Peter Galuszka


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Comments

30 responses to “Richmond: Lobbying Powerhouse”

  1. Anonymous Avatar

    How do you have straight dope that represents a point of view?

    RH

  2. Natalie @220 Avatar
    Natalie @220

    Nice post Peter!

    Natalie @ 220

  3. James A. Bacon Avatar
    James A. Bacon

    Good wrap-up, Peter. I love Richmond, but I must confess: It is Washington, D.C., on a small scale.

  4. Gooze Views Avatar
    Gooze Views

    RH
    Straight dope is good information that you don't realize has an ulterior motive.
    PG

  5. Anonymous Avatar

    If you have good information that you don't realize has an ulterior motive, then You are the straight dope.

    Absolutely, information with an ulterior motive can be good information, but it is almost always incomplete information.

    RH

  6. Anonymous Avatar

    Make anyone being compensated for talking with members of the General Assembly or staff put a summary in writing that is posted on the Internet. Then lobby away.

    TMT

  7. Groveton Avatar

    Richmond is far worse than Washington.

    Washington's legislators are full-time lawmakers with substantial and competent staffs. Richmond's legislators are part time amateurs with virtually no staff. The national politicians can (and do) reserch / analyze issues with their own people. Virginia's legislators depend on lobbyists to tell them what they should think. Most GA members hold "day jobs" which are almost always in conflict with their role as legislators (withess abusive driver legislation and the business defending abusive drivers practiced by some GA members).

    Campaign contributions from individuals are limited at the national level and unlimited in Virginia. Both allow vast contributions from mysterious organizations. For example, roughly half of Creigh Deeds' $12M in campaign contributions came from 6 organizations:

    http://www.vpap.org/candidates/profile/home/5637?end_year=2009&start_year=2009

    While neither Washington nor Richmond are transparent, Richmond is the more opaque. For example, the personal tax filings of Washington's elected officials are a matter of public record. Is this true in Richmond?

    Peter is quite right to point the flashlight of inquiry on the lobbying cartel in Richmond. The Democrats in the General Assembly are also quite right to put forth a slate of ethics / open government legislation. I think all of the proposed legislation should be passed by the GA and signed into law by Gov. McDonnell.

    Finally, the Democrats are quite right in opposing the nomination of any cabinet member who refuses to resign from all corporate boards as a pre-requisite to nomination. Can you imagine a federal cabinet member trying to stay on the board of several for-profit companies while a cabinet member. Like, maybe, the Secretary of Defence staying on Boeing's borad? Sledd wanted to stay on the board of a tobacco company! But, then again, Richmond is far worse than Washington.

  8. Anonymous Avatar

    Groveton – Let's make the rules apply to local governments as well. I still think Judge Dillion was right about restricting the power of these local clowns.

    TMT

  9. Anonymous Avatar

    Something off the wall – create a web company called "Lying Lobbyist" where one side could post information demonstrating where lobbyists and interest groups were lying and distorting facts. Of course, the lobbyists should get to respond. Sort of a Facebook for crooks!

    TMT

  10. Groveton Avatar

    TMT:

    I agree with you on applying the rules to the local government as well. However, you and I will never agree on Dillon's Rule. Even if the General Assembly was competent I question even the possibility of that group being able to effectively govern every detail of a state as diverse as Virginia. That governance model simply won't ever work. So, I will keep pressing for more competence in Richmond, a great sharing of power between the state and local governments and more openness and honesty in Fairfax.

  11. Anonymous Avatar

    Groveton – sometimes we just need to agree to disagree.

    Fairfax County has government by campaign contribution. I just read some analysis that shows County TOD policy: 1) measures the areas for density at rail stations from the rail platform, but the draft plan for Tysons shows measurement from the station entrances (which gives more density in violation of stated policy); 2) requires workforce housing to be located within the TOD circles, but the draft plan would permit the landowners to move workforce housing outside the TOD (more bucks that way, but also more autos); and 3) requires a connected grid of streets, but the Georgelas demonstration project moves the local streets in a manner to disconnect the grid (which means poorer traffic flow and more congestion).

    Meanwhile the false rhetoric from the landowners and their hired lackeys continue and most of the local elected officials just nod their heads up and down. I don't want these clowns to have home rule power.

    Fairfax County is just as corrupt as New Jersey, Chicago or Louisiana, just more sophisticated.

    TMT

  12. Anonymous Avatar

    Something off the wall – create a web company called "Lying Lobbyist"

    I love it, only I'd prefer something more neutral like "Full Disclosure"

    Then you need to pay forit/make it pay with something like Intrade. you could vote ore score the arguments based on some criteria for a $1 a pop. You need to charge the money to keep opinions honest, and if there was enough you could donate the rest to some non-partisan charity.

    Or you could just take the money from the winners, and distribute it among the losers, once the policy in questioon becomes law.

    RH

  13. Anonymous Avatar

    "I agree with you on applying the rules to the local government as well. However, you and I will never agree on Dillon's Rule. Even if the General Assembly was competent I question even the possibility of that group being able to effectively govern every detail of a state as diverse as Virginia. "

    Witness Massachusttes which has just about leiminated county government. They basically have only the state and Town government. Towns are defined differently there, with each town incorporated right up to the boarders of the next "town", so that some "towns" include significant rural or exurban area.

    There is noa unincorporated county area, and the county basically runs the courthouse. I suppose this helps keep legal battles from becoming too localized.

    RH

    RH

  14. Anonymous Avatar

    Grid street networks

    "It was further argued that
    property crimes occur In known areas with attractive targets. Consequently, areas with the most complex road networks and the fewest common destination points should have the lowest levels of property crime. Using an ex post facto research design in two suburban municipalities, the study compared the relative amount of property crime in each street segment with that segment's relative accessibility, traffic volume and quantity of potential targets. Both road network omplexity and traffic flow were found to be of substantial importance. Crime was higher in more accessible and highly used areas and lower in the less accessible and less used areas. The
    concentration of potential targets was highly related to accessibility and traffic flow and to overall property crime totals."

    http://www.popcenter.org/library/crimeprevention/volume_02/06beavon.pdf

    RH

  15. Anonymous Avatar

    More on Grid streets:

    "The emergence and rapid popularization of the automobile as personal transportation made virtually all the urban periphery equally accessible, dissolving the traditional planning constraint of walking distance.At the same time, the automobile introduced new constraints: noise, fumes, and pedestrian safety. In addition, automobiles required streets designed for speed and driving safety, attributes that were lacking in the traditional pedestrian street. These new requirements found their clearest expression in the Radburn model, named after the pioneering suburb of Radburn, N.J., begun in 1928. Radburn replaced the grid with “superblocks” that excluded through car traffic by grouping houses around culs-de-sac, served by collector streets and separated by common parkland.Traffic was directed to wide collectors or divided arterials on the perimeter and incorporated a “spine” of open space in the middle of the superblock.This new model of circulation retained the key ideas of rural setting and foot accessibility, but people walked on landscaped footpaths, while streets were given over to the automobile. Most later suburban subdivisions followed the Radburn model, although over the years pragmatic adaptations such as the introduction of looped streets and the elimination of footpaths and parklands have increased development efficiencies while reducing the overall attractiveness of the original model.

    Efficiency and quality
    Efficiency is chiefly the result of combining two standard street types—loops and culs-de-sac—with long blocks. Contrary to popular opinion, the curvilinear streets that are typical of conventional suburban subdivisions are not inefficient; they reflect an aesthetic preference and have little impact on land consumption.While irregular lot shapes do not pack efficiently, this is of relatively little consequence at low densities. In fact, for comparable residential densities, loop and cul-de-sac street patterns are more efficient than traditional gridiron geometry (which is why they are preferred by most developers).According to the technical literature on street planning, conventional suburban street layouts consume 16-25 per cent less land than the traditional grids advocated by new urbanism (see Fig. 1.)"

    From the government of Canada

    http://www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/publications/en/rh-pr/tech/socio75.html

    Much of what is popularly believed about grid streets is probably wrong.

    RH

  16. Anonymous Avatar

    "Loop and cul-de-sac street patterns have evolved from 1900 to the present (see Fig.2).Their geometry is adapted to the automobile, excluding traffic at the local street level and permitting good flow at the collector and arterial levels. By contrast, the traditional grid patterns that predate the automobile have required major adaptations such as one-way streets and traffic lights in order to achieve good automobile traffic flow.

    Without such adaptations, congestion is inevitable.The grid, both in theory and in practice, is an inefficient carrier of car traffic.At each grid corner there are 16 possible intersecting paths for which priority has to be deciphered by the driver (or controlled by traffic lights). By comparison,T-intersections, common in conventional subdivision plans, have only 3 intersecting paths, where priority is easily grasped. Grid intersections occurring at every 200 feet, or every 6 to 8 seconds at typical car speeds, undermine the car’s main advantage—rapidity of travel.Thus the grid compromises either speed or safety or both and, at high traffic volumes, even with traffic lights and stop signs, the grid begets gridlock."

    As a casual observer, this conclusion seems patently obvious to me. Yet many people seem to ignore their own eyes, and see reversion to the grid as some kind of pancea, adopting it as part and parcel of some larger agenda.

    RH

  17. Anonymous Avatar

    "Viewing nature, whether it is in the form of parks, boulevards, or treed avenues in an urban environment is a source of delight. Green space has been found to have social and psychological benefits that explain the strong consumer preference for naturally endowed sites and for house locations facing parks, open space, golf links, lakes and so on.

    One of the most successful examples of open space use in an urban plan remains the eighteenth-century plan of Savannah, Georgia. Savannah’s public open space is distributed, accessible and peaceful. It delivers its benefit to the largest possible number of city dwellers.The city plan is organized in repeatable 675 footsquare “wards,” with a square in the center (Fig. 3).This square is visually accessible by at least half the houses in the ward and in close proximity to all. It is protected from heavy traffic since through streets are located at the boundaries of the ward, leaving the center relatively calm for casual strollers."

    —————————–

    Jim Bacon has previously written about the pleasures of Savannah, run down though it is.

    Now, think of 675 feet, and parkland, and thine think about Tysons.

    RH

  18. Anonymous Avatar

    Ray, interesting comments on grid streets.

    My point remains, however, that the policy of Fairfax County requires grid streets, for better or for worse, but the first proposed project for Tysons simply ignores the policy. The landowners have been arguing for grid streets for years now. They claim grid streets and rail will lead to paradise. But then, we see the policy and the words ignored because greater density can be had.

    What would happen if some small builder tried get county approval for three houses and ignored a fundamental policy or some applicable rule. He/she would simply be rejected. Is that fair?

    Fairfax County equals government by campaign contribution. They cause the problems, not the senator and delegate from Pittsylvania County.

    TMT

  19. Anonymous Avatar

    "….the policy of Fairfax County requires grid streets, for better or for worse, but the first proposed project for Tysons simply ignores the policy. "

    ————————–

    If my citations are correct, it is probably a good thing that Fairfax is ignoring the policy. Count your blessings where you find them.

    RH

    RH

  20. Anonymous Avatar

    "What would happen if some small builder tried get county approval for three houses and ignored a fundamental policy or some applicable rule. He/she would simply be rejected. Is that fair?"

    ———————————

    Tell me about it.

    The rules are irational and unfair, and then the application of them is unfair.

    Why have rules?

    Makes money for engineers and lawyers. Also for special interest groups.

    RH

  21. Anonymous Avatar

    We were better off with nuisance law: do anything you like so long as you don't aggravate your neighbor enough to sue you. Oh yeah, and he can actually get to court, because he has due process.

    Oh yeah, and you have the same rights as he does.

    RH

  22. Anonymous Avatar

    "WASHINGTON (AP) — The Supreme Court threw out a 63-year-old law designed to restrain the influence of big business and unions on elections Thursday, ruling that corporations may spend as freely as they like to support or oppose candidates for president and Congress. The decision could drastically alter who gives and gets hundreds of millions of dollars in this year's crucial midterm elections.

    By a 5-4 vote, the court overturned two of its own decisions as well as the decades-old law that said companies and labor unions can be prohibited from using money from their general treasuries to produce and run their own campaign ads. The decision threatens similar limits imposed by 24 states.

    It leaves in place a prohibition on direct contributions to candidates from corporations and unions.

    Critics of the stricter limits have argued that they amount to an unconstitutional restraint of free speech, and the court majority agreed."

    (8-:(

    WTF?

    RH

  23. Anonymous Avatar

    Ray – Here is one section of the Comp Plan amendment addressing grid streets:

    "Street network capacity and redundancy should be provided through a dense, connected network (a grid) rather than through an emphasis on high levels of vehicle capacity on individual arterial facilities. This approach ensures that the street network can support other objectives such as pedestrian activity, multimodal safety, access to rail stations, and support for adjacent development.

    "Tysons currently consists of large superblocks with a relatively small number of
    streets. This places excessive reliance on the street system to move vehicle traffic, and the large block size inhibits transit use, pedestrian and bicycle movement. A grid of streets with smaller block sizes is typical in urban areas. It disperses vehicle traffic and improves mobility for pedestrians and bicyclists. A smaller block size will make a more
    walkable Tysons by creating convenient and short walk distances. A grid of streets
    concept is shown in Map 7. A perfect grid is unlikely in Tysons Corner due to the alignment of existing roads and topographical constraints. However, where possible, a grid of streets should be planned.

    "In planning the grid of streets, the following should be taken into consideration:
    • Maximize continuity within the grid of streets.
    • Avoid intersections with an acute angle, awkward dog legs, and intersections with more than four legs.
    • Provide good pedestrian access to Metro stations.
    • Block sizes should generally be within a 400 foot to 600 foot range with a
    maximum perimeter length of 2,000 feet.
    • Any block longer than 600 feet should contain a mid-block pedestrian connection.
    • Service streets should have sufficient rights-of-way to provide for a pleasant
    pedestrian environment where applicable.
    • Block faces along Route 7 and Route 123 should ideally be 600 feet.
    • Where possible, even spacing between intersections should be maintained.

    "With the provisions described above, the street network in Tysons Corner will be enhanced and will provide for greater network density and more direct connections
    between various locations, as well as better accommodating both cars and pedestrians. This network will contain more secondary (i.e., local and collector) streets, providing more choices for connectivity than the existing arterial network. Research and
    experience indicates that in areas with a fine grid of streets and a mix of land uses, people
    use transit more and make fewer auto trips than their neighbors in typical suburbs.

    "The grid of streets should be supported by a street hierarchy that allows different types of trips to use different streets. People wishing to travel across Tysons can choose to use a major arterial, such as Route 7. Others who only need to travel a couple of
    blocks will have a choice to travel on a smaller street within the grid of streets."

    But there is also hidden text that says: "Aw don't worry about this. Write a few checks for political contributions and we'll wink at whatever you don't like."

    TMT

  24. Anonymous Avatar

    "This approach ensures that the street network can support other objectives such as pedestrian activity, multimodal safety, access to rail stations, and support for adjacent development."

    —————————–

    The articles quoted state that this is NOT TRUE. And they provide other alternatives that MIX the road types and intersperse open space in ways which DO meet pedestrian and other requirements.

    Like most things, it isn't an either / or answer. Yet somehow, we have a suboptimal policy rammed down our throats that makes no sense.

    RH

  25. Anonymous Avatar

    "A grid of streets with smaller block sizes is typical in urban areas. "

    —————————-
    It is typical in older urban areas, and it was supplanted for a reason.

    RH

  26. Anonymous Avatar

    "…and improves mobility for pedestrians and bicyclists. A smaller block size will make a more
    walkable Tysons by creating convenient and short walk distances."

    —————————–

    Does anyone read this pap?

    The DISTANCE is the same between two locations no matter how many blocks are involved. More Blocks does not make it more walkable.

    More intersections does however, make it a LOT more dangerous.

    This assumes you have a cafe on evey block, a gym on every block, a dentist on every block, a drycleaner on every block, etc etc etc at the same time you make every block smaller and chew up more land with roads, than the other options.

    This is outright fantasy land, folks. This is smoke and mirrors. it is unsubstantiated dreamland, and anyone who simply looks out the window and looks around can SEE it. You do not have to be a traffic engineer: all you have to do is open your eyes.

    RH

  27. Anonymous Avatar

    A perfect grid is unlikely in Tysons Corner due to the alignment of existing roads and topographical constraints. However, where possible, a grid of streets should be planned.

    —————————–

    First sentence, true.

    Second sentence, Why? You have selected a (preferred) solution without looking at the requirements and constraints. This is NO WAY to solve a problem.

    I like to plant my corn East and West so each row gets maximum sun, but I have other constraints, so I look for the BEST answer, irrespective of the ideological answer.

    RH

  28. Anonymous Avatar

    • "Block sizes should generally be within a 400 foot to 600 foot range with a
    maximum perimeter length of 2,000 feet."

    ——————————

    OK so they learned something from Charleston., But the rest of it does not apply if you don't first restrict yourself to a uniformm grid. There are better answers, tht support BOTH traffic flow and pedestrian flow.

    This is deliberately anti-traffic and stupidly anti-pedestrian.

    RH

  29. Anonymous Avatar

    "Research and
    experience indicates that in areas with a fine grid of streets and a mix of land uses, people
    use transit more and make fewer auto trips than their neighbors in typical suburbs."

    ——————————–

    Show me. I have not seen it. What I ahve seen is that it is very difficult to make such comparisons, and they don't hold up from place to place.

    What I have seen is that walking rips are in addition to and not instead of vehicle trips.

    "A recent study by the IBI Group for Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation concluded that the top three determinants of the amount of car use in the suburbs are: the number of people per household, the distance from the central business district and, above all, the number of cars per family. Car ownership is related to: the number of persons per household, household income, and house size (an indicator of household wealth).Thus, car ownership, family size and household location have a far greater influence on auto travel than the type of street pattern, which ranked ninth in influence.While street patterns influence car use, they do so only insignificantly."

    If you want people to drive less, just make them poor.

    RH

  30. Anonymous Avatar

    And like you say, we make rules so we will have an excuse for graft.

    If you want to make criminals, just make laws people can't live with.

    RH

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